𝚆𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚒𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙿𝚑𝚊𝚜𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙳𝚊𝚝𝚊 𝚊𝚗𝚊𝚕𝚢𝚝𝚒𝚌𝚜 𝚊𝚋𝚘𝚞𝚝 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙶𝚛𝚊𝚙𝚑 𝚊𝚋𝚘𝚞𝚝 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙲𝚊𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝚃𝚢𝚙𝚎𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙲𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛 𝚍𝚎𝚝𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 & 𝙳𝚒𝚊𝚐𝚗𝚘𝚜𝚒𝚜/ 𝚃𝚛𝚎𝚊𝚝𝚖𝚎𝚗𝚝 𝚘𝚏 𝙲𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛/ 𝙼𝚘𝚜𝚝 𝚌𝚘𝚖𝚖𝚘𝚗 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚛 𝚊𝚏𝚏𝚎𝚌𝚝𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚘𝚛𝚐𝚊𝚗𝚜.

     CANCER

Cancer is the abnormal growth of body cells.

Bluish colour cell is cancer cell 

• It also defined as when the programming of the cell or a group of cells is affected, growth may become uncontrolled.
• It is a major cause of death all over the world.
• Cancer is one of the most dreaded disease in human beings.
• Study, treatment, diagnosis & prevention of cancer is called Oncology.
• Cancer cell is also called as Malignant cell.

FACTS DATA:-

• World's oldest documented case of cancer was found on PAPAS (Papyrus) from ancient Egypt in 15000 B.C.
• First patient of cancer is Scythian King.
• It was treated by destroying the tissue with a hot instrument called the fire drill. Today, it is known as Cauterization.
• First cancer was found in breast.
• First doctor who cure cancer with scientific methods was MAX GERSON [PHYSICIAN].

MAX GERSON IN 1966

• Max Gerson knew for his Gerson therapy,A directory based alternative cancer treatment.
• First doctor who cure cancer with using laser activated nanoparticles is Dr. Hadiyah-Nicole Green.

DR. HADIYAH-NICOLE GREEN IN 2020
AT AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER RESEARCH

Difference between normal cell & cancer cell

PHASES OF CANCER

Let me explain you from the basic- there are two phases of cell division that is S- Phase and M- Phase.

• S- Phase:- Division of one DNA into two DNA.
• M-Phase:- Division of one cell into two cells.

                                    G1------> S phase --------> G2 ---------> M phase

In between both phases of cells, there are two phases of cancer cell replicate itself that is - 

 (1) Proto oncogene:-

•  Proto oncogene controls metabolism of cell.
• It is responsible for formation of cell signaling factors.
• It is responsible for growth regulating factors,....etc

(2) Tumor suppressor gene:-

• Tumor suppressor gene works as cell cycle checkpoints.
• example- P53 gene----> P53 gene contains P53-proteins and present at G1 checkpoints.

MUTATION IN PROTO ONCHOGENE AND TUMOR SUPRESSOR GENE CAUSES CANCER.

Factors that causes cancer:- 

Data source-  American Cancer Society

There are 3 factors that causes cancer:-   1. Physical carcinogens

                                                                                        2. Chemical carcinogens

                                                                                        3. Biological carcinogens

AGENTS/ FACTORS THAT CAUSES CANCER, IS CALLED CARCINOGENS.

.

1. Physical carcinogens factors- 

• Ionising radiations {x rays & gamma rays}.
• Non ionising radiation {UV- Causes DNA damage}.
• Hard & soft materials.
• Fibrous particles & non fibrous particles.
• Gel materials

2. Chemical carcinogens factors-

• Tobacco, smoke & dust.
• Chronic irritations.
• Few well known factors- Nickel, Asbestos, Cadmium & Benzene like Asbestos workers who also smoke have a higher risk for lungs cancer.

3. Biological Carcinogens factors- 

• Cancer causing virus called oncogenic virus.
• examples- 

                            (i)  Human Papillomavirus {HPV}
                           (ii)  The epstein barr virus

                           (iii) Hepatitis B virus{HBP}

                           (iv) Human T- leukemia virus Type- I {HTLV-I}

TYPES OF CANCER:-

DATA ABOUT CANCER

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide counting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2020.

The most common cases of cancer in 2020-

• Breast {2.26 Millions}
• Lungs {2.21 Millions}
• Colon & Rectum {1.93 Millions}
• Prostrate {1.41 Millions}
• Skin [Non- melanoma]  {1.20 Millions}
• Stomach {1.09 Millions}.

The most common cases of cancer causes deaths in 2020 were- 

• Lungs {1.80 Millions}
• Colon & Rectum {916,000}
• Liver {830,000}
• Stomach {769,000}
• Breast {685,000}.

EACH YEAR, APPROXIMATELY 400,000 CHILDREN DEVELOP CANCER.

THE MOST COMMON CANCER IN 23 COUNTRIES IS CERVICAL CANCER.

TAKE A LOOK TO THE GRAPH OF DEATH CAUSED BY CANCER

TAKE A LOOK TO THE GRAPH OF CANCER TYPE ACCORDING TO 2019 CENSUS-

CANCER DETECTION & DIAGNOSIS

1. Biopsy or G-I Endoscopy {To detect stomach & food pipe cancer}.
2. Histopathological studies {To detect head & neck cancer}.
3. CT Scan { X-rays uses to detect cancer at any part}.
4. Radiology {X- rays uses to detect cancer at any part}.
5. Mammography {X- rays uses to detect breast cancer}.
6. Papanicolaou test [Pap smear]- {To detect cancer in uterus & Kidneys.
7. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image) -----> [Safest method to detect cancer].

                                                Data source_ Indian cancer society

TREATEMENT OF CANCER

There are mainly four types of cancer treatment:- 

1. Surgery
2. Radiation therapy {gamma rays uses}.
3. Chemotherapy {Anti cancer drugs uses & injections}        [examples- Vincristine & Vinblastine].
4. Immunotherapy { Alpha interferon uses}.

MOST COMMON ORGAN AFFECTING CANCER-

• Breast cancer
• Prostrate cancer
• Basal cell cancer
• Melanoma {Cutaneous melanoma}.
• Colon cancer
• Lung cancer {Adenocarcinoma}.
• Leukemia {Blood cancer}.
• Lymphoma { Cancer of white blood cells}.

we will discuss these in our next blog. Till then,

STAY HOME, STAY SAFE.

What is Delta Plus Variant? Difference between Delta and Delta Plus Variant. When third wave of Covid will come?

Hello Friends,

There is an uproar (कोलाहल) in all over the world regarding Delta variant of covid 19. Countries like America, Europe, India ..etc. are worried about Covid 3rd wave because of new "Delta Plus Variant".         

---

LETS TRY TO FIND OUT IN THIS ARTICLE . WHAT IS DELTA PLUS VARIANT ? AND WHEN CAN THIS 3rd WAVE HAPPEN?

Before knowing about Delta Plus variant you should know about Mutation ( परिवर्तन ) and Delta Variant.

"MUTATION" happens in every living being whether it's a human, animal, plant ,tree or even a virus.

It accompany (साथ) reproduction when a child in womb, during DNA transfer there are 100-200 mutation in DNA . Most of the mutations are harmless and can't be seen and neither can their effect be felt.

This process is same with viruses, thousands of mutation takes place in coronavirus. Most of them do not bother us. But at time there are such mutations that makes the viruses more transmissible and more deadly.

WHO (World Health Organization) keeps a track of the dangerous mutation of coronavirus. They have classified these mutation in two group. (See the chart given below)

Currently WHO has put four variant in variant of concern category. (See below chart)

The strain of The Delta variant was first found in October 2020 in India. This was the cause of second wave in India. Today The Delta variant has spread to over 80 countries. Also Its transmissibility is high.

No country can be blamed for discovering of variant it is only a matter of chance because thousands of mutation are going in virus and which mutation will turn out to be more dangerous or more transmissible it's all up to chance.

• Delta variant is 60% more transmissible than Alpha variant.
• Alpha variant was 50% more transmissible than original strength found in Wuhan in 2019.

Generally Virus mutate and becomes more transmissible they become less deadly as well. But in some rare case after mutation virus become transmissible and more deadly.

Till now there is no any conclusive result that shows that The Delta variant is for sure more deadly or more dangerous.

But a study conducted in UK has said that because of delta variant the risk of hospitalization double as compared to Alpha variant, but getting hospitalized means more deadly this also cannot be conclusively said yet.

It may also happen this variant is not more deadly but because it is so highly transmissible is spread among so many people in such little time, so death rate peaked a lot in that short time as compared to the same number of deaths in a longer time period many factor need to be considered here to say it is more deadly or not.

In a study conducted in UK when people self-reported their symptoms it was found symptoms of delta variant, runny nose features prominently in the list of symptoms.

Some of the symptoms of delta variant are very similar to the symptoms of the cold.

Also symptoms of delta variant a little different from the original covid-19 symptoms.

Some Symptoms of Delta Variant:-

• Headache.
• Runny Nose.
• Cold.
• Fever.
• Persistent Cough.
• Sore Throat.

 Good news is that according to the study till now all the vaccines are effective towards the Delta variant.

Pfizer vaccine, AstraZeneca Covishield vaccine and the other have showed that they are more than 90% effective in preventing hospitalization and death if you catch the delta variant after taking both doses .

The only trouble is that effectiveness of both the vaccines are reduced in preventing symptoms.

AstraZeneca Covishield vaccine remains only 60% after taking Both doses.

Pfizer vaccine remains 88% after taking both doses.

Now the delta variant is no longer a concern for India.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

But now we get hear about a mutation named Delta plus variant in news.

.The Indian government has declared The Delta plus variant as variant of concern and some people believe that a third wave in India because of the Delta Plus variant.

. According to the Limited research conducted regarding Delta plus variant has found that Delta Plus variant is 60% more transmissible and highly resistance against some drug.

.Till now WHO has not declared it is a variant of concern even though Indian government has done so.

ICMR ( Indian Council of Medical Research ) says it is too soon to tell if there will be a third wave because of delta plus variant.

But still experts believe that there is very high chance that there will be a third wave in India.

generally the gap between two waves is 15 -16 days in an Pandemic.

A reuter polls (चुनाव) of 40 medical experts was conducted with the conclusion that the third wave is inevitable and they believe that the third wave will come around October of this year

on the other hand AIIMS director Randeep Guleria said that the third wave may come in next 6 to 8 week stops wearing mask & stop following social distance.

According to Dr.N.K Arora( the chief of the centers, covid-19 working group) the third wave of coronavirus will not happen before December of this year.

. so their are estimation from October to December by the doctors and expert.

This is just the time, if we talk about severity , How dangerous can the third wave be ?

a report of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research status that it is very likely that the third wave will not be severe as second wave was. it may be less disastrous.

But it doesn't means that we can relax ,there nothing to worry about. to understand this in better way let's take an example of South Africa.

Vaccination Graph of South Africa.

The first wave in the South Africa was because of the original coronavirus and the second wave happened because of beta variant that was founded in South Africa and now the third wave happening because of delta variant.

Third wave and second wave is equally dangerous.

According to the experts this is because of poor planning in South Africa. As of today less than 5% people(2.3%) have been vaccinated in their country.

Delta variant wouldn't have caused havoc if more peoples are vaccinated

Show only thing to beat the third wave is that to vaccinated if you're getting chance also maintain social distance and wear a mask when you are going outside.

Because it is possible that Delta plus variant doesn't cause third wave but remember thousands of mutation is happening in this virus everyday someday a mutation may crop up that is more transmissible and more deadly that can bring forth or third wave that's why the vaccine is the best chance we have to be safe from it.

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What is Black Fungus. How it spreads. Precautions. Treatment and more.

                                    

                       A PERSON SUFFERING FROM BLACK FUNGUS.                 

Black Fungus Is also known as 'MUCOROMYCOSIS'. It is a deadly fungal infection. All of us are coming in contact with this fungus each day but it doesn't affect the person having good health and strong immunity.

* Mucormycosis spread from the pores of the fungus present especially in soil, dead, or decade matter of the plant or organism, also in unfresh bread. 

* This disease is not transmitted by touching. 

WHY IT IS MORE DANGEROUS FOR COVID PATIENT:-

In COVID-19 disease to reduce Severe lung infection & Inflammation, a high dose of steroids ( which is a life-saving medicine ) is given.

But it has a secondary effect in which the immunity of our body gets down. When the immunity level becomes low there is an opportunity for Mucormycosis (BLACK FUNGUS) to affect the person.

It searches for an opportunity to affect the person so this type of fungus is known as "OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION".

                                                 

                                      MUCROCYTOSIS FUNGUS

SCIENCE and SYMPTOMS:-

                         Common Symptoms in all type:-               

1. Pain/ Redness around eye & nose.

2. Headache

3. Fever

4. Coughing

5. Shortness of brathe

6. Bloody Vomits

7. Altered Mental Status

                                                                               

1. Rhinocelebral Mucormycosis:-  It is the most common form of Mucormycosis. It mostly affects the sinus part of our body. 

      Symptoms :-

1. Nastral Obstruction.  

2. Blood Nasal discharge.

3. Facial Pain. 

4. Orbital cellulites. 

5. Proptosis . 

 6. Vision Loss.                                                                                

2. Pulmonary Mucormycosis:-  It is also a common form of Mucormycosis. It affects lungs of our body. It mostly seems in "LEUKEMIA" patient.       

                                                    

    Symptoms:-

1. Fever

2. Cough.   

3. Chest Pain    

4. Breathing Problems.

 and other common symptom[ mention above ].                       

3. Cutaneous Mucormycosis:- It affects skins of our body.

4. Gastrointestinal Mucormycosis:- It affect the digestive system                                  of our body. 

5. Disseminated Mucormycosis:- It affects the brain of our body.      

         ** There are more many types of MUCORMYCOSIS which affect our **                                                     Bones, Trachea, Kidney.....etc.

       TREATEMENT:-

           This serious infection needed instant treatment. In this disease                        Anti-Fungal medicine is used such as:-    

 1. Amphotericin B

2. Posaconazole.  

3. Isavuconazole.                                         

       **But in most situation infected part is removed by surgery.**                                                            This process is known as Surgical excision.

        PRECAUTION:-

 1. Wear Mask when going outside of home mostly construction site. 

2. Wear Gloves when Planting or farming.   

3. Keep clean wound and cuts on your body.   

4. Keep distance from dead or decaying matter.   

5. Never eat unfresh bread.

                       #STAY HOME STAY SAFE#

                 *******THANKS FOR VISITING MY BLOG******    

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